- 五种不翻
- The five kinds of terms which Xuanzang did not translate but transliterated-- the esoteric (such as 陀羅尼); those with several meanings (such as 薄伽梵); those without equivalent in China (such as 閻浮樹); old-established terms (such as 阿耨菩提); and those which would be less impressive when translated.
Chinese Buddhist terms dictionary (Chinese-English). William Edward Soothil and Lewis Hodous. 2006.